Students are expected to write one 2100 or more-word academic paper in this course.
Students are expected to conduct original research that goes beyond the class readings.
The quality of the sources will contribute to the essay grade. Peer review sources and
academic sources (News sources do not count as academic sources.) The paper should be
written using standard Times New Roman 12pt font, double spacing, 1 inch (2.5cm)
margins. The paper should include a cover page with the title, an abstract, as well as the
author’s name and student ID number. The paper should also include a list of references at
the end.
Sources should not be less than 9
Paper prompt:
Take one (and only one) of the international organizations listed in the table below [Already
chosen: INTERPOL] and write a paper that analyzes how that organization served as an
actor, a forum, a resource (or a combination of those) on a specific issue, policy, or
decision. Students can also choose an international organization that is not in the list
below; before doing so, they should get approval from the course instructor.
Grading rubric
Criteria: Weight
1. Formatting, style 5%
2. Argument, logic 27.5%
3. Supporting evidence 27.5%
4. Writing style 25%
5. Writing mechanics 15%
The best essays
Encompass the criteria of a better essay but with the follow improvements
Provide a compelling argument that contains innovative or new insights
Contain new sources of data
Are clearly organized and overt statements of organization do not interfere with the flow of
the essay
It is very easy for the reader to follow the author’s arguments and examples Examples are
very well integrates into the flow of the argument
The essay flows well
Contain no grammatical or word usage problems; spelling is flawless
Solution
Abstract
INTERPOL is an international organization established with the goal of locating and
preventing crime. This organization since it was established it has played an integral role in
fighting global human trafficking which is common in every part of the world. This study
therefore aims at examining how INTERPOL organization has served as a forum and resource in
implementing policies and making decisions related to human trafficking. This research is
conducted based on thorough reading of scholarly sources by comparing and examining the
views of different scholars in relation to the role of INTERPOL and global human trafficking.
GLOBAL HUMAN TRAFFICKING 3
Introduction
Global human trafficking is a term which means international modern-day slavery which
is a multi-billion dollar type of well-organized crime. Human trafficking, therefore, is not
something new as it began decades ago during the colonization period. Although slavery was
abolished many years ago the truth is even today slavery exists and human trafficking is just one
of the examples of slavery which most people are not familiar with as it has been modernized by
the main actors in this illegal business. The criminals who conduct this business view the victims
as just a commodity which can be sold and used for financial benefit. This essay will examine
Interpol an organization that has served as an actor and a resource in the fight against human
trafficking based on their policy and decisions on the matter of human trafficking.
About INTERPOL
Interpol is an organization that began in the year 1914 when lawyers and police from 24
states first united to analyze identification methods and catching escapees. The organization
since it was founded for over 100 years now police across the world have been working together
to fight and prevent crime. Although some of the basic crimes have remained unchanged in the
past few years other criminal activities have followed economic, sociological and economic
developments in the world such as people smuggling and cybercrime. In addition to that,
policing has also been developed in the line of technology developments. In the year 1980, the
organization computerized its records and data began to be processed and examined manually.
In 1935, the firm established a committed radio network for distributing information whereas
security web-based system permits the police to view database from the frontline. The core
activity for improving the organization information technology and improving other technologies
GLOBAL HUMAN TRAFFICKING 4
is to enable the organization to locate fugitives. Actually, in relation to technology, the
organization has replaced paperwork paper fingerprints with biometrics while the firm databases
have millions of world records of criminal activities data. In addition to that, the INTERPOL
Task Force of Human Trafficking is the only global mechanism which promotes communication
of different issues with the global law enforcement community. Therefore, the regular meetings
that are conducted enable participating nations to afford a chance to gather and share intelligence
on the trends of human trafficking as well as the best practices to handle the issue.
INTERPOL Partners
In order for INTERPOL to formulate policies and make comprehensive decisions
concerning global human trafficking, the firm has incorporated other key parties to help them
implement the right policies. The organization, therefore, has a coordinated and cross-sector
approach that enables it to put together their strengths and be able to exchange the best practices
to obtain the best results on the ground (Block, 2011). As a result, the organization works
together with several major partners who take part in fighting against the illegal business of
human trafficking. Among these key partners include the International Organization for
Migration, Europol, UN Women, Organization for Security and Co-operation and United
Nations Office on Crime and Drugs. At the ground level, INTERPOL organizations work to
enhance relationships with government ministries, NGO`s as well as other social services to
ascertain that human trafficking victims obtain appropriate care and treatment and remain
protected during the entire process of identification and judicial procedures. The private sectors,
on the other hand, they also play an imperative role in identifying, reporting and preventing
incidents of human trafficking.
GLOBAL HUMAN TRAFFICKING 5
INTERPOL Responsibility in Fighting Human trafficking
The victims of human trafficking are targeted based on their vulnerabilities between
regions and countries using coercion or deception. The victims once they arrive at their
destination they are deprived of their freedom, autonomy and even choice and thereafter
compelled to work in very dangerous and risky conditions. The victims often counter different
mental and physical abuse. Owing to search conditions, INTERPOL comes in to save people
from becoming victims of such illegal activities with the help of national police.
In INTERPOL organization police get equipped and get training to help them recognized
and investigate issues related to human trafficking. Additionally, at INTERPOL the firm works
to ensure that police are able to identify all types of human trafficking such as sexual
exploitation, domestic servitude, forced labor, forced criminal activities like online crime,
begging and removal of organs.
Types of human trafficking that the INTERPOL covers
Trafficking for forced labor
The victims of forced labor mainly come from developing countries. The victims are
selected and then trafficked using either coercion or deception and later on, they find themselves
in slavery conditions of various jobs. The victims in this form of trafficking can be involved in
fisheries, construction work, mining or even agricultural along with labor-intensive work with
and other domestic servitude. INTERPOL operations have managed to rescue children, women,
and men from forced labor. They, however, note that this crime is not restricted to one region or
demographic (Kempadoo, Sanghera & Pattanaik, 2015).
GLOBAL HUMAN TRAFFICKING 6
Trafficking people to carry out criminal activities
Trafficking people in order for them to carry out forced illegal activities permits the
criminal networks to obtain profits from a variety of illicit operations without risking their own
lives. The victims are compelled to conduct a series of illicit activities that consequently
generate a lot of income (Jackson, 2013). Some of these illegal activities include forced begging,
drug activation, theft and selling to people counterfeit goods. The victims in most of the cases
have quotas and are subject to severe beatings and punishment when they do not perform as
expected.
Women trafficking for sexual exploitation
Women’s trafficking type of sexual exploitation is a prevalent type of trafficking which is
common in every region of the globe either as a destination, source or transit country. According
to Bassiouni et al, (2010), children and women from most of the developing countries and
especially from the vulnerable areas in the society within the developed countries are enticed
through promises of a secure and decent job. These people later leave their homes and travel
abroad with the mentality of having a better life just to find the opposite. Apart from that, the
victims often are given false traveling documents as well as a well-organized network which are
used to transport them to the country of their destination. On arrival, they are forced into sexual
exploitations and held to constant terror and inhuman treatment.
Removal of organs type of human trafficking
In most of the countries, the waiting list for the transplants takes long, as result criminals
have taken advantage of this problem to exploit the desperate potential donors and patients. The
health of the victims becomes critical including their life during critical operations when no
GLOBAL HUMAN TRAFFICKING 7
medical follow-up is made (Chisolm-Straker & Stoklosa, 2017). An increased incidence of
diabetes and the aging population in most of the developed countries are more likely to have the
demand for transplants thus making this crime more lucrative.
People smuggling
According to Nieuwenhuys & Pécoud (2007), people smuggling is related to human
trafficking as most of the migrants are likely to fall into victims of forced labor in the process of
traveling. Smugglers are likely to compel migrants to work in inhuman places and conditions in
order for them to pay the cost of the illicit passage across the borders.
INTERPOL protecting children
The minors are often vulnerable to human trafficking since they are easily manipulated
by the actors in this illegal business. In most case, children are not even aware that they are the
victims of the crime as they even assume that the “employer” is protecting them since they are
given accommodations and meals. According to Gallagher & Holmes (2008), INTERPOL in
such a case becomes a major forum that recognizes the responsibility played by the units of
children protection, NGOs and social services in their member countries. The firm often involves
and engages them in their operations to ascertain that children are provided with the right care
and attention throughout the operations (Haberfeld & Cerrah, 2007).
Operations by INTERPOL to prevent human trafficking
At INTERPOL organization, they support the national police in calculated deployments
in the field which are aimed at breaking networks which are behind all the criminal activities of
people smuggling and human trafficking. In the year 2018, INTERPOL operations were able to
GLOBAL HUMAN TRAFFICKING 8
rescue approximately 600 victims of human trafficking inclusive of 100 children. Currently,
INTERPOL operations are coordinated and built to encourage the national police force with
global networks and skills to use in handling human trafficking (Naim, 2003). Actions in the
field are followed by training workshops to ascertain that officers on the ground have received
maximum training skills inclusive of INTERPOL databases and tools and interview techniques.
During the deployments process, they often combine the police action with various inputs
from various actors such as environmental officers, prosecutors, and non-governmental
organizations. In Sudan, 85 minors and 94 victims were saved from the criminal network which
involved illicit migration, forced begging, exploitation and child labor. In America, almost 350
potential victims of forced labor and sexual exploitation were present during the INTERPOL
coordinated operations.
In a meeting held in Addis Ababa Ethiopia in 2018, INTERPOL pointed out that the
majority of the immigrants relocating across the continent are more subjects vulnerable to human
trafficking and increased levels of violence where North Africa is the transit hub for the
immigrants seeking to go to Europe. The held meeting also found that all type of human
trafficking inclusive of labor and sexual exploitation continues to take part in many regions in
Africa. In 2017 also INTERPOL led activities in Sawiyan and Libertad to rescue almost 1,000
victims of people both human smuggling and trafficking (INTERPOL, 2018). The operation was
successful due to the pre-operational collaboration and training between NGO`s, social services
and national policies that led to long- term appropriate care for those saved and police capacity.
Human trafficking has actually become an open market where people are sold as
commodities while others have become prey for organ removal business (Mameli, 2002).
GLOBAL HUMAN TRAFFICKING 9
INTERPOL having identified the latter set up to work with the police in order to assist the
African region to adopt tactical strategies to help prevent criminal threats, enhance investigative
skills and facilitate the exchange of information. In doing so INTERPOL developed the ENACT
project which is one of a kind in the whole of Africa to examine and analyze the scale of planned
crime as well as their impact on development, governance, and security. The core aim of the
analysis is to inform those making decisions as well as strengthening their law enforcement
operations both at the regional and the continental levels. The project ENACT is implemented
by INTERPOL and funded by the European Union to enable it to conduct its operations
effectively.
Conclusion
Modern day human trafficking is increasing rapidly irrespective of the efforts by the
government to combat this issue. INTERPOL organization has shown impressive progress since
its establishment owing to its success in rescuing thousands of people who were victims of
human trafficking. This study has established that INTERPOL organization does not work on
its own it works with both the public and private sector. However, it is mainly concerned with
providing skills and tactics to identify and rescue victims of human trafficking. Apart from that,
they also show the various forms of human trafficking that INTERPOL fights against. Types of
human trafficking include trafficking for forced labor, people smuggling, and women for sexual
exploitation and removal for organs for human trafficking. INTERPOL as served as an effective
forum for addressing and fighting human trafficking based on the examples given on the report.
It has managed to protect minor who are vulnerable to human trafficking in Sudan, North Africa
and other regions in West Africa (Sawadogo, 2012). As a result, based on the examples given in
GLOBAL HUMAN TRAFFICKING 10
the report, there is no doubt that this organization since it's established it has served as a forum
and actor in making vital decisions related to human trafficking.
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