Role Of The Foreign Policy
The Assessment should be a project on a foreign policy topic.
1. The topic should be a global foreign policy issue " NATO " and 1200 words
2. Should be relevant to current events happening
3. Should be closer to a report with clear elements of analysis, reporting and development
possibilities of the subject (how to solve it or how to move ahead)
4. The project should be direct and clear. Course learning outcomes should be met -read
syllabus-
5. The project will be have a clear structure -not like an essay but rather closer to a
professional working report- Yet a clear structure should be there. You are requested to
complete a structured paper.
The following elements should be included:
a) It should include clear structure
b) Statements and arguments
c) Methodology and research orientation (quantitative basically research) that you will use –
refer-solely, use your methodological skills inside the paper
d) Main description and analysis
e) First outcomes of each section from analysis
f) Clear chapters if you need to create chapters.
g) Clear English Grammar and Syntax. Small sentences
h) Properly cited(referenced sentences)
i) Clarity in your argument, make sure that the paper is easily readable
j) Your subject should be very specific not general (it should also be different from the ones
you have made as research on
k) References should be in the Chicago style of references
l) A clear proposal chapter. With descent proposals that come forth after the analysis
m) Clear conclusion with the overview of the reasoning, statement and lessons learned.
n) Way forward this time? (Open door policy)
o) Chicago style use as both references and citations.
p) Please put all your references according to the manual of the research workshop as well.
Presentation: –
Should be 5 to 6 slides at maximum
The Presentation to follow should clearly provide an opportunity for you to work on your
presenting skills on the assessment as an analyst, reporter. Therefore the experience, research,
references used or learned from and points to be taken as proposals and considerations should be
provided
Solution
Introduction
A foreign policy denotes the plan of actions that a nation adopts in relation to their
diplomatic dealings with other nations or countries. Foreign policies are created as an organized
and methodical way of dealing with issues that may come up in relation to other countries.
NATO is an abbreviation for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization that is a body which
maintains foreign relations with countries that are not members of the body all over the world.
The body runs varies programs that give a framework for the alliances and connection between
its members states and non-member states in relation to the location of the particular country.
These programs include the Partnership for Peace and the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council. In
Europe, five countries are non-members states of the body such as Australia, Malta, Finland,
Ireland and Sweden. This is because they have declared a wish to remain neutral in foreign
policy issues and as such have affirmed their non-alignment status which consequently places
them out of the bloc 1 .
Literature Review
NATO acts as an international military alliance whose basis is the North Atlantic Treaty
that was signed in 1949. The body’s constitution is system of cooperative defense where the
member states agree on a shared defense in reaction to an attack by any external force. The
body’s headquarters is located in Belgium which is also one of the member states that comprise
the 28 member states spanning the entire North America and Europe. The newest entrants into
1 Webber, Mark, and Michael Smith. Foreign policy in a transformed world.Routledge, 2014.
3
the bloc include Croatia and Albania, which joined the body in the year 2009. There are other
twenty-two countries that participate in NATO’s Partnership for Peace program and more than
ten other countries that participate in the dialogue programs . The military resources of the
body’s member states combined make up almost seventy percent of the world total. The
spending of member states in relation to the military is supposed to make up two percent of the
GDP.
Before the present time, NATO as a body was something resembling a political
association up until the events leading up to the Koran war which spurred the member states into
military action. In this sense, a military structure was instituted under the supervision of supreme
commanders form the United States. The cold war era saw nations create rivalry thus
necessitating action to prevent things spiraling out of control. The shaky nature of trust between
the United States and the European states, which created doubt over the strength of the body and
the strength of any military action it, was able to amass and fears over what could happen in case
there would be a Soviet invasion.
The body runs by a set of rules that ensure it can adhere to the aim and objectives that
have necessitated its existence. For instance, the fifth artifice of the NATO’s treaty, requires that
member states are to come to the aid of a members state incase they are under attack. This article
was invoked for the first time and only time in the US terrorist attack of the year 2001. In this
sense, NATO led ISAF troops were deployed to Afghanistan. Since that time, the organization
has led a lot of issues related to foreign policy in the world.
NATO and The Libyan Intervention
4
In the process of the civil war that was facing Libya, the government of the day under the
leadership of Muammar Gaddafi had conflicts with protestors who were opposed to the
government. In the beginning of 2011, the was a passage of the UN Security Council Resolution
of 1973 which essentially called for a ceasefire. The actions also gave authority to military action
in order to protect civilians. Several members of NATO started enforcing the no-fly zone over
the country shortly after this. On March 20 of the same year, NATO member states came to an
agreement to enforce an arms embargo against Libya as a country. To do this, they used the
Operation Unifies Protector and used ships from the body’s maritime group and countermeasures
group and other submarines and ships from the body’s members states. The members then
monitored and gave reports on a need to know and update basis. They would also sanction
vessels that were suspected of carrying illegal armaments or any war supplies.
NATO also agreed to take on the institution of the no fly zone from the inceptors while
leaving the command of the targeting of the ground units to the inceptors. The body started to
make official enforcement of the UN resolution with Qatar’s help and the United Arab Emirates.
By the month of June, there were reports of division within the body and by the end of the
month, only eight of the initial twenty-eight member states were participating in the fight while
the rest stopped. This gave rise to confrontations between the United States and Spain, Poland,
Turkey, Netherlands and Germany a the States wanted them to give more contribution to the
ongoing combat operations. These countries were of the opinion that NTO had overstepped its
mandate in the ongoing civil war in Libya 2 . The United States gave criticism to these nations and
2 Odgaard, Liselotte. Strategy in NATO: Preparing for an Imperfect World. Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.
5
cited that the divisive stance they took could cause NATO to disintegrate. Germany responded
by citing its immense contributions to the body’s and its operations and that their engagement
was highly regarded by the United States president 3 .
NATO’s mission was extended to September but Norway gave an announcement citing
that they will begin to scale down their involvement and contribution to the cause and withdraw
their involvement in the beginning of August. NATO projected the unsustainability of their
involvement in the war as Danish air fighters started running out of bombs, the Royal Navy
could no longer be involved but by the time Gaddafi dies, the body had already instituted over
9500 air strikes against Gaddafi supporters. In the wake of a coup threat, Libyan Prime Minister
asked for NATO’S help in relation to technical advice and assistance in security details and
issues 4 .
Conclusion
In 2011 a multi-state alliance started a military intervention in Libya after the country
was faced with civil unrest. NATO aa body has members states that are liable to come to one
another’s aid in case of a military attack on one of the states. The body has its headquarters in
Belgium and deals with foreign policy issues aimed at propagating world peace when it feel
mandated to do so. The Libya situation was in a bid to protect civilians and institute a ceasefire
in the wake of conflict between Gadhafi and opponents. NATO’ s member states have a duty
3 Ulfstein, Geir, and HegeFøsund Christiansen."The legality of the NATO bombing in Libya." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 62,
no. 01 (2013): 159-171.
4 Howorth, Jolyon. "EU and NATO after Libya and Afghanistan: The Future of Euro-US Security Cooperation, The." Yale J. Int'l Aff. 8 (2013):
30.
6
toward helping with foreign policy issues and instituting the UN mandate among other efforts
directed at world peace.
7
Bibliography
Howorth, Jolyon. "EU and NATO after Libya and Afghanistan: The Future of Euro-US
Security Cooperation, The." Yale J. Int'l Aff. 8 (2013): 30.
Odgaard, Liselotte. Strategy in NATO: Preparing for an Imperfect World. Palgrave
Macmillan, 2014.
Ulfstein, Geir, and HegeFøsund Christiansen."The legality of the NATO bombing in
Libya." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 62, no. 01 (2013): 159-171.
Webber, Mark, and Michael Smith. Foreign policy in a transformed world.Routledge,
2014.
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