Transportation Expense
As part of your STT100 course you need to do a project. The project includes 3 phases. In the 1st phase
you need to collect the required data according to the topic. This is a group project (3 to 4 students in a
group)
Project Topics
Mobile Phone Expenses
Utility Bills( Electricity & Water, Gas or telephone)
Education Expense
Transportation Expense
Car Maintenance Expense
Grocery
Rent
General Instructions for Phase I
Please read the instructions and submit your work on time.
Your Project phase I includes Cover page, Introduction of the topic, Data Collection using
Questionnaire and all the collected data to be saved in a well formatted Excel sheet.
In introduction, you have to mention about your topic in the 1 st paragraph and in the 2 nd paragraph
give detailed explanation about your population, sample size, data collection methods, variables
understudy and sampling techniques used for the project.
Each group need to show the questionnaire and get it approved before collecting the data.
You have to collect minimum 40 sets of data.
The softcopy has to be submitted to Bb. Please follow these steps for submitting in Bb
a. Login to Bb
b. Select Assignment tab
c. Click on the link “Project Phase I”
d. Browse and attach required files (Cover page, introduction, questionnaire sample, &
Excel sheet) and then submit it.
e. From a group, only one student needs to submit it to Bb.
Solution
Introduction
Transportation expenses consist of only the costs incurred by an employee or a self-
employed individual in the course of business or employment indulges when the particular is
away from home in a travel status (Transportation Expenses, 2008). Unemployed individuals
such as students at various levels of education also incur the expenses. For example, college
students whether they commute to campus or take a trip back home they must experience some
transportation costs (Smith, 2016). They include all the transport expenses incurred while in a
journey, lodging, meals, visa or passport, and other miscellaneous costs. The expenses vary
based on the means of transport used and the frequency of travelling.
The individuals with vehicles have more transportation expenses. This is because besides
the fuel and meals costs they have to pay for parking fees in some places. The vehicle has to be
kept in service and maintained. Transportation expenses can be categorized into air travel,
private vehicles, rented and leased vehicles. The air travel is the most convenient and cheap for
long distance transportation with the provision of all travelling requirements including
accommodation services. The study aimed at investigating the transportation expenses
experienced by college students.
Population
The research will target the student population in the college to study the transportation
expenses incurred while commuting to the campus, taking trips and going home.
Transportation Expense 3
Sample and sampling procedure
The sample was determined with the aid of online sample generators, which led to a
sample size of 50. The sample was considered adequate to provide the desired results on the
subject matter of the population. Simple random sampling technique, which is a functional form
of probability sampling, was utilized in the collection of data (Malicse, 2012). This was adopted
because it provides every member of the population with an equal chance of being selected to the
sample.
The Randomization was computer generated, and respondents were selected based on the
computerized results. The respondents were assigned numbers as they went passed the hostels
entrance gate and every tenth person were selected in the first lot of the sampling on the first day.
In the following day, the samples were at the college main entrance gate, and the same
randomization approach was employed. This ensured that the aspect of randomization is well
employed in the study.
The random sampling design provides an easy method of collecting data by sampling and
it is fair as it gives a chance for the members to be selected into the sample. It is also
advantageous in that it provides a generalization of the entire population. Thus, due to its
representativeness nature, it helped the researcher in generalizing about the population
(Explorable.com, 2009).
Data collection methods
The data was collected through administration of questionnaires to the respondents.
Questionnaires were considered appropriate for the study because they provided the researcher
Transportation Expense 4
with the needed information within a short time frame. The researcher administered the survey in
person. This enabled the researcher to provide clarifications on areas that the respondents needed
explanations. Data was collected in two days with 25 questionnaires being administered daily.
The data was collected on the number of times a student travels home, the number of
trips taken per semester, place of residence while on campus, commuting expenses, fueling costs
and other expenses. These variables enabled the researcher to obtain the intended data for
analysis. Other information gathered via the administration of the questionnaire, aided in making
conclusions regarding the transportation expenses.
The responses were coded with numbers to ease the feeding into the computer excel
application. The code in the questionnaire corresponds to the code in the excel sheet. The S/No
are from 1 to 50 which is equal to the number of questionnaires administered hence the number
of data sets obtained was 50.
Transportation Expense 5
SAMPLE QUESTIONNAIRE
Tick appropriately [√]
What is your gender?
1. Male [ ]
2. Female [ ]
What is your level of study?
1. Undergraduate [ ]
2. Postgraduate [ ]
How frequently do you travel home per semester?
1. Once [ ]
2. Twice [ ]
3. Thrice [ ]
4. None [ ]
5. Other, specify …………….
How many times do you take trips per semester?
1. None [ ]
2. One [ ]
3. Two [ ]
4. Three [ ]
5. Other, specify ………….
Transportation Expense 6
What is your residence while in session?
1. Resident [ ]
2. Nonresident [ ]
3. Other, specify ……………
What is the range of your commuting expenses in one semester?
1. < 1000 [ ]
2. 1001-5000 [ ]
3. 5001-10000 [ ]
4. >10000 [ ]
How much does it cost you fuel your vehicle?
1. < 1000 [ ]
2. 1001-5000 [ ]
3. 5001-10000 [ ]
4. >10000 [ ]
Other expenses, give details
How much does it cost you for Visa or passport, give details (for international students)
Transportation Expense 7
The excel sheet contains the findings of the questionnaire results. The various variables
under study are displayed in the first row as the headings. The values in the cells represent the
respective responses as marked on the questionnaire. The data was provided for analyzes to
provide the information as required by the objective of the study.
Transportation Expense 8
References
Explorable.com. (2009). Random Sampling. Retrieved from https://explorable.com/simple-
random-sampling
Malicse, B. (2012). Chapter 4 sampling procedure. Retrieved from
http://www.slideshare.net/anasomoray/chapter-4-sampling-procedure
Smith, M. (2016). Understanding College Costs. Retrieved March 24, 2016, from
https://bigfuture.collegeboard.org/pay-for-college/college-costs/quick-guide-college-
costs
Transportation Expenses. (2008). Transportation Expenses financial definition of
Transportation Expenses. Retrieved March 24, 2016, from http://financial-
dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Transportation+Expenses
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